The nutrients that are required in big quantities in the diet are known as macronutrients and include carbohydrates, fiber, fat, protein, and water. Additionally, the body needs vitamins. Vitamins and minerals are examples of micronutrients, which are chemical elements or other substances required in very small amounts to enable healthy growth and development. Micronutrients are essential to the body, while only being required in trace amounts.
MINERALS
Multiple minerals are required by the body for healthy muscle, heart, and brain function as well as bone development and growth. For instance, calcium supports nerve and muscle function, clots blood, and maintains teeth and bones. Potassium serves to control the water balance in cells, supports nerve function, and controls heart rhythm whereas iron helps to build blood cells and transport oxygen. Sodium is an electrolyte, which balances cell water levels and stimulates nerves. In addition to forming enzymes, zinc aids in wound healing and carbon dioxide elimination.
Some minerals are needed in significant numbers (microminerals), whilst other minerals are only needed in trace levels (trace minerals).
VITAMINS
Micronutrients like vitamins each have a specialized function in the body, such as promoting cell growth, development, and function. To survive, these chemical substances must be present in minute amounts. The only way to get vitamins is through food because the human body cannot manufacture enough of them on its own. There are two types of vitamins: fat-soluble and water-soluble.
